Sun-kissed days are perfect for road trips, but what about your vehicle? Not so much. The constant exposure to the sun impacts your vehicle’s surfaces, affecting everything from exterior paint to interior materials.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is an unseen form of energy the sun emits. This radiation is notorious for penetrating and degrading various automotive materials over time. The effects of UV radiation extend beyond just the visible light spectrum, making it a silent destroyer.
Explore the effects of sun exposure on automotive surfaces and how to protect your investment. Whether you’re detailing your ride or advising a client, you’ll find valuable insights and tips here.
Effects on Automotive Paint
One of the most visible effects of sun exposure on vehicles is paint fading and oxidation. UV radiation causes the pigments in automotive paint to degrade, resulting in a faded appearance. This is why older vehicles often have dulled, lackluster finishes compared to newer models.
The interaction between UV rays and your vehicle’s surfaces leads to chemical reactions that weaken the molecular bonds within materials. The harsh UV rays penetrate through the clear coat of paint, causing long-term damage, even if the effects aren’t immediately visible.
Oxidation occurs when oxygen molecules interact with the paint surface, leaving it rough and chalky. This process compromises aesthetics and the paint’s ability to shield the metal body from corrosion.
Paint manufacturers are always working on UV-resistant formulas to combat these effects. However, even the most advanced paints can only delay the inevitable fading if a vehicle is exposed to the sun for extended periods. The effects of sun exposure are why covers and car garages are recommended for long-term vehicle care.
Impact on Plastic Components
Plastic components, such as bumpers, trims, and mirrors, also suffer from sun exposure. UV radiation causes these parts to warp, crack, or discolor over time. This damage occurs because UV rays break down the polymer compounds in plastics, leading to a loss of flexibility and strength. Discolored or warped plastics detract from a vehicle’s appearance and affect its aerodynamics and performance, especially on parts such as spoilers or skirts.
The heat of the sun also saps the moisture from the plastic, causing it to become dry and brittle so it’s more likely to crack. Damage from sun exposure to plastic parts is typically irreversible, requiring replacement to fix the issue.
Sunlight’s Effects on Rubber
Rubber components, including tires, seals, and weather stripping, are highly susceptible to sun damage. Prolonged UV exposure causes rubber to oxidize, leading to cracking and a loss of elasticity. UV light breaks down the molecular cross-links in rubber, which provide flexibility.
Cracked seals lead to water leaks during rain and snow showers. The rubber may begin to peel if it becomes brittle enough, requiring a new seal to ensure the vehicle’s integrity. Deteriorated tires pose a safety risk, as the sun causes cracks along the surface, increasing the chance of a blowout when hitting a pothole or jagged object in the road. Look for the signs of cracks or discoloration to determine if your vehicle is getting too much sun, and take action to replace these worn-out parts.
Glass and Sun Exposure
While glass might seem impervious to sun damage, UV rays still cause degradation. Exposure to sunlight weakens the structural integrity of automotive glass. While glass doesn’t discolor like paint or plastic, UV radiation causes microcracks to form, potentially leading to larger fractures. These fractures are especially likely to occur in older vehicles with untreated glass.
The sun’s rays also cause thermal stress within the glass. This effect occurs from the UV rays heating the glass, causing it to expand. When the sun sets or a cloud blocks its rays, the glass cools and contracts, creating pressure. As the sunlight hits the glass, this stress causes uneven pressure on areas like the window, and eventually, the glass will crack. Repairing small, shallow cracks is possible, but replacement is your only solution if the damage is too substantial.
Interior Surface Vulnerabilities
Sun exposure isn’t limited to exterior surfaces; interior components also feel the heat. Dashboards, upholstery, and other interior materials are vulnerable to fading, cracking, and warping due to UV radiation.
UV rays penetrate the glass, interacting with the materials inside. This effect increases when the windows are rolled up and the heat from the sun remains trapped within the vehicle. Upholstery is typically repairable, but certain materials, like the dashboard’s plastic or some steering wheel parts, may require replacement if they begin cracking and peeling.
Long-Term Impacts on Vehicle Aesthetics and Value
The cumulative effects of sun exposure have a lasting impact on a vehicle’s aesthetics and resale value. Faded paint, cracked interiors, and brittle seals give the impression of neglect, even if the vehicle is mechanically sound. These visible signs of wear and tear lead to decreased buyer interest and lower resale prices.
If your vehicle has dirty spots or uncleaned bird waste, sun exposure may cause corrosion from the oxidation of these substances. Driving through mud or puddles and leaving your vehicle in the sun eventually causes rust around the trim from the moisture and UV rays. While the vehicle’s lackluster appearance is more acute, it’s important to consider the long-term effects to avoid issues later.
Preventive Measures for Sun Damage
Preventing sun damage maintains a vehicle’s appearance and performance. Simple steps such as parking in shaded areas, using car covers, and applying UV protectants reduce sun exposure. These measures shield the vehicle from harmful UV radiation, preserving interior and exterior surfaces.
Car Covers
Use covers that shroud the entire vehicle and drape over the tires. Weather-resistant or waterproof covers are the best choice to avoid rust from moisture and oxidation. Car covers are a helpful alternative to a garage when you need your vehicle protected until you plan to drive it.
Washing and Waxing
Regular washing and waxing create a protective barrier that prevents dirt and contaminants from embedding in the paint. Wax also adds a layer of UV protection, enhancing the paint’s longevity. The duration of the wax’s presence varies, but a reapplication every three to six months should keep your vehicle protected. For those who enjoy hands-on car care, integrating these practices into their maintenance routine can yield long-lasting benefits.
Automotive Coatings
Many types of coatings protect vehicles from various sources of damage, including the sun. Automotive clear coat sprays refresh your vehicle’s clear coat while protecting against sun exposure for a glossy finish. Ceramic coatings protect against natural elements such as the sun, mud, and dirt. Coating your vehicle is one of the simplest methods for mitigating sun damage.
Sun exposure is unavoidable for vehicle owners, but its effects are manageable with the right strategies. Understanding the effects of sun exposure on automotive surfaces will help you take proactive steps to protect your vehicle. Whether through advanced coatings, specialized products, or cutting-edge technologies, you have plenty of ways to shield your vehicle from the sun’s harmful rays.